| Current File : //usr/local/jetapps/usr/share/rear/finalize/Linux-i386/660_install_grub2.sh |
#
# This script is an improvement over a blind "grub-install (hd0)".
#
# The generic way how to install GRUB2 when one is not "inside" the system
# but "outside" like in the ReaR recovery system or in a rescue system is
# to install GRUB2 from within the target system environment via 'chroot'
# basically via commands like the following:
#
# mount --bind /proc /mnt/local/proc
# mount --bind /sys /mnt/local/sys
# mount --bind /dev /mnt/local/dev
# chroot /mnt/local /usr/sbin/grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
# chroot /mnt/local /usr/sbin/grub2-install /dev/sda
#
# Using 'grub2-install --root-directory' instead of 'chroot' is not a good idea,
# see https://github.com/rear/rear/issues/1828#issuecomment-398717889
#
# However the following issues still exist:
#
# * We do not know what the first boot device will be, so we cannot be sure
# GRUB2 is installed on the correct boot device.
# If software RAID1 is used, several boot devices will be found and
# then GRUB2 needs to be installed on each of them because
# "You don't want to lose the first disk and suddenly discover your system won't reboot!"
# cf. https://raid.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Setting_up_a_(new)_system
# This is the reason why we make all possible boot disks bootable
# as fallback unless GRUB2_INSTALL_DEVICES was specified.
# This is also the reason why more than one disk can be specified
# in GRUB2_INSTALL_DEVICES.
#
# * When GRUB2 is used as bootloader on the original system
# there is no guarantee that the automatisms in ReaR correctly detect that
# cf. layout/save/default/445_guess_bootloader.sh
# To avoid that automatisms in ReaR may set a wrong BOOTLOADER value
# the solution is to specify the BOOTLOADER config variable.
# This script does not check BOOTLOADER because it is also used as fallback
# to install the nowadays most often used bootloader GRUB2
# unless the BOOTLOADER variable tells to install another bootloader
# (other bootloader install scripts check the BOOTLOADER variable)
# and unless we are using UEFI (BOOTLOADER then indicates the BIOS bootloader
# in a hybrid boot setup).
#
# This script does not error out because at this late state of "rear recover"
# (i.e. after the backup was restored) I <jsmeix@suse.de> consider it too hard
# to abort "rear recover" when it failed to install GRUB2 because in this case
# the user gets an explicit WARNING via finalize/default/890_finish_checks.sh
# so that after "rear recover" finished he can manually install the bootloader
# as appropriate for his particular system.
local grub_name
local grub2_install_failed grub2_install_device
local source_disk target_disk junk
local grub2_installed_disks
local part bootparts
local disk disks bootdisk
function bios_grub_install ()
{
local grub2_install_device="$1"
if is_true $USING_UEFI_BOOTLOADER ; then
# If running under UEFI, we need to specify the target explicitly, otherwise grub-install thinks
# that we are installing the EFI bootloader.
if ! chroot $TARGET_FS_ROOT /bin/bash --login -c "$grub_name-install --target=i386-pc $grub2_install_device" ; then
LogPrintError "Failed to install GRUB2 for BIOS boot (target i386-pc) on $bootdisk"
# purely informational test that may help to explain the reason for the error
if ! test -d "$TARGET_FS_ROOT/boot/$grub_name/i386-pc" ; then
LogPrintError "GRUB2 module dir for BIOS boot (boot/$grub_name/i386-pc in $TARGET_FS_ROOT) does not exist, is GRUB2 for BIOS (target i386-pc) installed?"
fi
return 1
fi
else
if ! chroot $TARGET_FS_ROOT /bin/bash --login -c "$grub_name-install $grub2_install_device" ; then
LogPrintError "Failed to install GRUB2 on $grub2_install_device"
return 1
fi
fi
return 0
}
# Skip if another bootloader was already installed:
# In this case NOBOOTLOADER is not true,
# cf. finalize/default/050_prepare_checks.sh
is_true $NOBOOTLOADER || return 0
# For UEFI systems with grub2 we should use efibootmgr instead,
# cf. finalize/Linux-i386/670_run_efibootmgr.sh
# but if BOOTLOADER is explicitly set to GRUB2, we are on a hybrid (BIOS/UEFI)
# boot system and we need to install GRUB to MBR as well
if is_true $USING_UEFI_BOOTLOADER && [ "GRUB2" != "$BOOTLOADER" ] ; then
return 0
fi
# Only for GRUB2 - GRUB Legacy will be handled by its own script.
# GRUB2 is detected by testing for grub-probe or grub2-probe which does not exist in GRUB Legacy.
# If neither grub-probe nor grub2-probe is there assume GRUB2 is not there:
is_grub2_installed || return 0
LogPrint "Installing GRUB2 boot loader..."
# Check if we find GRUB2 where we expect it (GRUB2 can be in boot/grub or boot/grub2):
grub_name="grub2"
if ! test -d "$TARGET_FS_ROOT/boot/$grub_name" ; then
grub_name="grub"
if ! test -d "$TARGET_FS_ROOT/boot/$grub_name" ; then
LogPrintError "Cannot install GRUB2 (neither boot/grub nor boot/grub2 directory in $TARGET_FS_ROOT)"
return 1
fi
fi
# Generate GRUB configuration file anew to be on the safe side (this could be even mandatory in MIGRATION_MODE):
if ! chroot $TARGET_FS_ROOT /bin/bash --login -c "$grub_name-mkconfig -o /boot/$grub_name/grub.cfg" ; then
LogPrintError "Failed to generate boot/$grub_name/grub.cfg in $TARGET_FS_ROOT - trying to install GRUB2 nevertheless"
fi
# When GRUB2_INSTALL_DEVICES is specified by the user
# install GRUB2 only there and nowhere else:
if test "$GRUB2_INSTALL_DEVICES" ; then
grub2_install_failed="no"
for grub2_install_device in $GRUB2_INSTALL_DEVICES ; do
# In MIGRATION_MODE disk mappings (in var/lib/rear/layout/disk_mappings)
# are applied when devices in GRUB2_INSTALL_DEVICES match
# cf. https://github.com/rear/rear/issues/1437
# MAPPING_FILE (var/lib/rear/layout/disk_mappings)
# is set in layout/prepare/default/300_map_disks.sh
# only if MIGRATION_MODE is true:
if test -s "$MAPPING_FILE" ; then
# Cf. the function apply_layout_mappings() in lib/layout-functions.sh
while read source_disk target_disk junk ; do
# Skip lines that have wrong syntax:
test "$source_disk" -a "$target_disk" || continue
if test "$grub2_install_device" = "$source_disk" ; then
LogPrint "Installing GRUB2 on $target_disk ($source_disk in GRUB2_INSTALL_DEVICES is mapped to $target_disk in $MAPPING_FILE)"
grub2_install_device="$target_disk"
break
fi
done < <( grep -v '^#' "$MAPPING_FILE" )
else
LogPrint "Installing GRUB2 on $grub2_install_device (specified in GRUB2_INSTALL_DEVICES)"
fi
if ! bios_grub_install "$grub2_install_device" ; then
LogPrintError "Failed to install GRUB2 on $grub2_install_device"
grub2_install_failed="yes"
fi
done
is_false $grub2_install_failed && NOBOOTLOADER=''
# return even if it failed to install GRUB2 on one of the specified GRUB2_INSTALL_DEVICES
# because then the user gets an explicit WARNING via finalize/default/890_finish_checks.sh
is_true $NOBOOTLOADER && return 1 || return 0
fi
# If GRUB2_INSTALL_DEVICES is not specified try to automatically determine where to install GRUB2:
if ! test -r "$LAYOUT_FILE" -a -r "$LAYOUT_DEPS" ; then
LogPrintError "Cannot determine where to install GRUB2"
return 1
fi
LogPrint "Determining where to install GRUB2 (no GRUB2_INSTALL_DEVICES specified)"
# Find exclusive partition(s) belonging to /boot or / (if /boot is inside root filesystem):
if test "$( filesystem_name $TARGET_FS_ROOT/boot )" = "$TARGET_FS_ROOT" ; then
bootparts=$( find_partition fs:/ )
else
bootparts=$( find_partition fs:/boot )
fi
if ! test "$bootparts" ; then
LogPrintError "Cannot install GRUB2 (unable to find a /boot or / partition)"
return 1
fi
# Find the disks that need a new GRUB2 MBR:
disks=$( grep '^disk \|^multipath ' $LAYOUT_FILE | cut -d' ' -f2 )
if ! test "$disks" ; then
LogPrintError "Cannot install GRUB2 (unable to find a disk)"
return 1
fi
# We do not know what the first boot device will be, so we cannot be sure
# GRUB2 is installed on the correct boot device.
# If software RAID1 is used, several boot devices will be found and
# then GRUB2 needs to be installed on each of them.
# This is the reason why we make all possible boot disks bootable here:
grub2_installed_disks=()
for disk in $disks ; do
# Installing GRUB2 on an LVM PV will wipe the metadata so we skip those:
# function is_disk_a_pv returns true if disk is a PV
is_disk_a_pv "$disk" && continue
# Use first boot partition by default:
part=$( echo $bootparts | cut -d' ' -f1 )
# Use boot partition that matches this disk, if any:
for bootpart in $bootparts ; do
bootdisk=$( find_disk_and_multipath "$bootpart" )
if test "$disk" = "$bootdisk" ; then
part=$bootpart
break
fi
done
# Find boot disk and partition number:
bootdisk=$( find_disk_and_multipath "$part" )
# Install GRUB2 on the boot disk if one was found:
if test "$bootdisk" ; then
# Is the disk suitable for GRUB installation at all?
is_disk_grub_candidate "$bootdisk" || continue
# Continue with the next possible boot disk when GRUB2 was already installed on the current one.
# When there are more disks like /dev/sda and /dev/sdb it can happen that
# for /dev/sda bootdisk=/dev/sda and GRUB2 gets installed on /dev/sda and
# also for /dev/sdb bootdisk=/dev/sda and GRUB2 would get installed again there
# so we avoid that GRUB2 gets needlessly installed two times on the same device:
IsInArray "$bootdisk" "${grub2_installed_disks[@]}" && continue
LogPrint "Found possible boot disk $bootdisk - installing GRUB2 there"
if bios_grub_install "$bootdisk" ; then
grub2_installed_disks+=( "$bootdisk" )
# In contrast to the above behaviour when GRUB2_INSTALL_DEVICES is specified
# consider it here as a successful bootloader installation when GRUB2
# got installed on at least one boot disk:
NOBOOTLOADER=''
# Continue with the next possible boot disk:
continue
fi
fi
done
is_true $NOBOOTLOADER || return 0
if is_true $USING_UEFI_BOOTLOADER ; then
LogPrintError "Failed to install GRUB2 for BIOS boot - you may have to manually install it to preserve the hybrid BIOS/UEFI boot support, otherwise only UEFI boot will work"
else
LogPrintError "Failed to install GRUB2 - you may have to manually install it"
fi
return 1